Cutter-head.



W. M. NOBLE CUTTER HEAD. APPLWKTIOI nun 11311.11. 191:.

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CUTTER HEAD.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

WILLARD m. NOBLE, or earns, NEW roux, ASSIGNOB TO AMERICAN woon WORKING MACHINERY 00., or uocnus'mn, New roux, A CORPORATION or PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-HEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 17,1913.

Application filed April 2, 1912. Serial No. 688,005.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, Wimnn M. Nouns, a citizen of the United States, residing in the town of Gates, county of Monroe, State of New York, have invmted a new and useful Improvement in Cutter-Heads, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more especially to the matching cutter heads or side heads, which are used on wood planers to produce flooring, sheathing, ship-lap, etc, and itconsists partly in a novel method of holding and ad usting the knives em toyed for forming the tongues, grooves,- laps, etc, and partly in a noveimeans of clamping said knives to the body of the cutter head, thereby insuring the true and uniform cutting of all the knives.

It well known to users of wood laners running at high speeds that the cutting knives must be adjusted to operate in exact concentri-city with the supporting s indle, otherwise one or more knives will take deeper gougesinto the stock than the others, with the result of ten h or wavy surfaces. It is quite desirable that matcher heads be so constructed as to pro insure tight edge join-ts when the floor or ceiling is laid. Ordinarily such side" cutting knives with a concentric knife setter, but neither method is accurate, and both take considerable time. My invention overcomes both objections In the' drawings Figure l is a vertical dianictrical section of my invention: Fig.

2 is a pian view: Fig. 3 is a' plan of the circular knife holder showing the slots into which the knives are fitted: Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively plan and elevation of a. knife adopted for cutting one side of a tongue: Fig. 6 shows aportion of one clamping disk; Fig. 7 shows a pair of grooving. knives.

A, Figs. I, 2 and 3, is a sleeve or hub which carries all the operative ports of my B is a' flange or collar made in one with the hub A, and forming a; supporting shoulder for the arts above mentioned. (3 is w circuiar kni e holder shown more clearly in Fig.- 3; which is head centratly t fit the hub A, and isprovided with a number oi slots 15, cut into both laces as indicated by fail and dotted lines in Fig. 3.

Said slots 15 extend approximately tangentially of the circular knife holder and at an angle with radii of the holder, as shown. baid slots 15 in the opposite faces of the holder (when top and bottom sets are employed) are intermedietely disposed, that is, are so spaced as to break joints, as in dies-ted in the drawing. This arrangement permits the cutting planes of the two sets of knives to meet or pass or overlap without undue weakening of the holder, such as might result were the top. and bottom slots directly opposite each other; it also prevents the necessity of thickening the holder. Into these slots are fitted knives D. D. Figs. 1, 2 and 5,- which may be of any desired shape at the cutting extremity according to the work to be one. These knives are each provided on one edge with teeth 2, Fig. 5, which are inclined with reference to the out line of the knife as shown in Fig. 4. The object of this inclination is to enable the teeth to register properly with a spiral actuating thread as described below. The peculiar slotting of the body C, whereby sets of knife seats on opposite faces cross each other at an angle, is an important consideration because the body (1 would in man cases be entirely severed if the two sets of s s were parallel with eaclr other. In Fig. 7 I have indicated how the sets of grooving knives are arranged. I have thereore shown a set of knife slots on each face of the circular knife holder C, one set of which knives cuts the upper half of the tongue or groove and one set the lower half. F is a supporting spindle running in suit able boxes; to this the hub A and the parts carried by it are rigidly and concentrically secured in such a manner as to meet the resistance of the cut at a high speed of feed. 3' and 4, F igs. 1 and 6, are disks which are bored centrally to fit the hub A and are thus concentric with the knife holder C. On the inner face of these disks a spiral thread 5- is cut near their outer circumference and the position and depth of this thread is such that it meshes into the angular teeth on the edge of the knives I). D. as indicated in Fig. 6. Thus it will be seen that by revolving. the disks 3 and 4 the sets of knives D. D. can be adjusted approximately tangentially in their slots as they become worn by work or ground away in sharpenings between them, and as the knives are ing, or they may be removed :tltogether for l the substitution of other kniv -s. The disks 3 and 4 may be revolved by means of a spanner wrench fitted into holes near the periphcry of the disks as indicated in Fig. "2, or by any other convenient means. I I find it desirable as well as necessary to have an efiicient means of clamping the knives D. D. into their slots and not only should they be held rigid transversely, but also lengthwise, so that the cutting edges shall be kept concentric with the supporting 1 spindle at all positions of adjustment. For this purpose I provide a peculiar form of thread shown in Figs. 4 and 5, which is what is known as a square thread for about i one half of its depth, and is V shaped or i with angular sides for the other half. The thread on the disks is fitted to this, and as all the knives are made to standard gages,

it follows that when the disks are revolved the square portion of the thread operates to move all the knives equally in or out, but .that if a pressure be brought on thedisks at right angles to their faces a wedging action would take place in the threads, whereby each knife would be forced to a concentric position while being clamped rigidly to the knife holder C.

E is a collar or nut which is internally threaded to fit a thread on the hub A, Fig. 1. This can be revolved by a spanner wrench or other means and thus acts to compress the disks 3 and 4, knife holder C and the knives D. D. against the flange B, mak ing a rigid unit of the whole. It is obvious that when the fitting of all the parts described is sufiiciently accurate which is comparatively easy of accomplishment, all of the knives will cut in almost absolutely ex-' act concentricity to the supporting spindle and that such small variation as might occur from unequal wear or careless grinding can be much more quickly corrected by the usual jointing stone, than in the case of hand setting or by the use of an ordinary concentric setter.

14, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, are protecting flanges bored internally to receive the disks 3 and 4 which move freely Within the flanges: the latter thus lap sufliciently on to the disks to prevent the entrance of chips and shav' closely fitted to their respective slots the spaces within the head are kept clean.

As an example of a means of securing the cutter head to the spindle F, I have shown a conical sleeve 7, which is bored to fit the spindle accurately and the outside turned to fit the tapering bore of the hub A. This sleeve is split nearly through longitudinally on opposite sides, making itradially elastic, and a cap 8, enters a recess in the end of the hub and is threaded internally to engage with a corresponding thread on the end of said sleeve. To hold this cap in position it is provided with a projecting collar 9 which rests on the top of the hub A and has a retaining sleeve 10, screwed tightly against the opposite side. When the retainer 10 is slacked off a trifle the cap 8 may be revolved and the conical sleeve thus drawn in to the hub and made to pinch the spindle by compression and the hub A, by means of the taper, operating concentrically in both cases. The set screw 12 threaded in the center of the cap 8 is used to adjust the matcher head longitudinally of the spindle F, as is common in such constructions.

I have described one means of clamping together the operating parts of my improved matching head to secure a rigid unit. but there may be other practicable means of doing this which would be clearly anticipated by the spirit of my invention.

Referring to the peculiar form of thread 2, Fig. 5, for adjusting the knives radially, it may be remarked that any form of thread which will move the knives accurately and permit the clamping of the latter between retaining disks would fulfil the requirements of the principal part of my invention: but there are obvious advantages in a form of thread which operates to move the knives and also assist in clamping them up accurately to center at the same time. When each knife has severalteeth as shown they are simultaneously engaged by the spiral thread and the individual knives are more accurately and firmly moved and held than would be the case were there but one tooth on each knife. Some parts of the improvement are however useful without regard to the number of such teeth.

It is clear that it is practicable to substitute other forms of cutters for those shown provided they have the necessary teeth on one edge for engaging with the spiral thread: for instance, knives for a ship-lap joint or plain knives for-a straight surface or such other work as can usually be done on cutter heads of this character.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a cutter head for wood planers, a circular knife holding body slotted approximately tangentially on its opposite faces, the slots on one side being intermediate those on the other, knives in said slots, suitable means for simultaneously adjusting said knives to or from the work, and means for clamping said knives firmly into said slotted body for the purposes set forth.

2. In a cutter head for a wood planer, a circular knife holder slotted approximately tangentially on Opposite faces the slots on one side being intermediate those on the other side, knives having teeth thereon in the slots, movable disks spirally threaded to engage said knife teeth, means to retain the disks in H ncentricity with the holder, means for clamping the disks and knives to said holder.

3. In a matching cutter head, a circular knife holding body slotted approximately tangentially on opposite faces to receive two sets of cutting members, such cutting members. each member having teeth on a face thereof angularly disposed with respect to right transverse lines, revoluble disks on opposite sides of the holder. each disk having a spiral thre on its inner face acting on said teeth on the cutting members, clamping means for locking both sets of cutting members to a supporting hub, and such hub.

4. In a matching cutter head, a circular knife holding body slotted approximately tangentially on opposite faces to receive two sets of cutting members, such cutting members, said slots being intermediately disposed in relation to each other on the opposite faces whereby the cutting planes of the two sets of knives may meet or pass each other without unduly weakening the holding body by the slots, in combination with revoluble and disks having spiral threads on faces thereof for adjusting said cutting members to the cut. substantially as set forth.

5. In a cutter head for a wood planer, a

circular knife holder, slotted on one or both faces to receive suitable projecting knives, teeth on said knives, a concentrically movable disk or disks having a spiral thread on the inner face to engage said teeth, a projecting rim or rims on the circular holder embracing the periphery of the disk or disks whereby the interior of the head is kept clear of chips and dirt.

(i. In a cutter head for a Wood planer, projecting adjustable knives provided With teeth which are square faced for part of their depth and Wedge shaped for the other part, an actuating disk having a spiral thread on its face common to all the knives and fitted to and engaging said teeth, for the purposes set forth.

' WILLARD M. NOBLE.

'itnesses:

G. C. DRIVER, 

